Location
Location: 29° 59' N 31° 09' E
Satellite images of the Egyptian Pyramids:
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longitude: 31.13101332492434 N, latitude:
29.97697709832755 E
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The Great Pyramid (the Pyramid of Khufu, or Cheops in Greek) at
Gizeh, Egypt, demonstrates the remarkable character of its
placement on the face of the Earth.
The Pyramid lies in the center of gravity of the
continents. It also lies in the exact center of all the land area of
the world, dividing the earth's land mass into approximately equal
quarters.
The Plate XX from an original 1877 copy of
Piazzi Smyth's "Our Inheritance in the Great Pyramid".
Charles Piazzi Smyth (1819-1900) was Astronomer Royal for Scotland
and a respected Scientist.
The north-south axis (31 degrees east of Greenwich) is the
longest land meridian, and the east-west axis (30 degrees north) is
the longest land parallel on the globe. There is obviously only one
place that these longest land-lines of the terrestrial earth can
cross, and it is at the Great Pyramid! This is incredible, one of
the scores of features of this mighty structure which begs for a
better explanation.
Statistics
Khufu Pyramid Statistics
- A total of over 2,300,000 (or only 590,712)*
blocks of limestone and granite were used
in its construction with the average block weighing 2.5 tons and
none weighing less than 2 tons. The large blocks used in the ceiling
of the King's Chamber weigh as much as 9 tons.
- Construction date (Estimated): 2589 B.C..
- Construction time (Estimated): 20 years.
- Total weight (Estimated): 6.5 million tons.
- The estimated total
weight of the structure is 6.5 million tons!
Original entrance of the Great Pyramid.
Massive blocks of limestone form a relieving arch over the entrance.
-
The base of the pyramid covers 13 acres, 568,500 square feet and
the
length of each side was originally 754 feet, but is now 745 feet.
-
The original height was 481 feet tall, but is now only 449 feet.
-
The
majority of the outer casing, which was polished limestone, was
removed about 600 years ago to help build cities and mosques
which
created a rough, worn, and step-like appearance.
* According to Socrates G. Taseos,
the actual number of stones used to build the Great Pyramid is only
590,712.
In his book
Back in Time 3104 B.C. to the Great Pyramid- Egyptians Broke Their Backs to Build It- How the Great Pyramid Was Really Built
he presents results of his computer calculations. The following is
derived from the book mentioned above.
The base measurements of the Great Pyramid are: north -
755.43 ft; south -
756.08 ft; east - 755.88 ft; west - 755.77 ft. These dimensions show
no two
sides are identical; however, the distance between the longest and
shortest
side is only 7.8 inches.
Each side is oriented almost exactly with the four Cardinal points.
The
following being the estimated errors: north side 2'28" south of
west; south
side 1'57" south of west; east side 5'30" west of north;
and west side 2'30"
west of north.
The four corners were almost perfect right angles: north-east
90degrees 3'
2"; north-west 89 degrees 59'58"; south-east 89 deg
56'27"; and south-west
90 deg 0'33".
When completed, it rose to a height of 481.4 ft., the top 31 feet of
which
are now missing. It's four sides incline at an angle of about 51deg.
51 min.
with the ground. At its base, it covers an area of about 13.1 acres.
It was
built in 201 stepped tiers, which are visible because the casing
stones have
been removed. It rises to the height of a modern 40-story building.
THE BEDROCK AND CORE
The pyramid is built partly upon a solid, large,
bedrock core and a platform
of limestone blocks which can be seen at the northern and eastern
sides. The
builder of this pyramid was very wise to choose this site because
most of
the stones, with the exception of the casing stones, some granite
and basalt
stones, could be cut right on the spot and in the nearby quarry.
This
practical choice made it possible to reduce considerably the time
and
back-breaking labor needed to drag the stones from distant quarries
across
the Nile.
The first Step of the pyramid rests on a platform of
finely finished
limestone blocks. These blocks are approximately 2.5 ft x 10 ft x 10
ft..
They project beyond the outer edges of the first Step's Casing
Stones an
average of 2 feet on all sides. This platform is so flat that the
official
survey of the Egyptian Government found that it was less than ½ of
an inch
from being level. The removal of several platform stones showed that
the
bedrock had been cut and leveled to receive each individual stone,
sometimes
as deep as 1 to 2 inches.
On the north side the platform stones have been laid at an irregular
angle,
each socket being carefully cut to receive the next stone. One
explanation
for this irregularity of stone placement is that these northern
platform
stones will have greater resistance to sliding from the downward and
horizontal pressures of the pyramid's face.
The many surveys done on the pyramid proved that the
Egyptians located the
sides of the pyramid along the four Cardinal Points with extreme
accuracy.
Whether they used the stars, and/or the rising and setting sun,
cannot be
determined. One this is certain, that whatever method they used was
direct
and very simple.
Once the sand, gravel and loose rocks had been removed,
down to the solid
bedrock of the plateau, the whole pyramid site was open-cast
quarried into
blocks, leaving a square core for the center of the pyramid (the
core is
approximately 412.7 ft square, and rises approx. 46.25 feet high).
These
blocks were then stored outside a low wall; made of mortared stone
that
surrounds the core (the outside dimensions of the wall are approx.
887.3
feet square). Today there still remains the foundation of this wall
on the
north, south and west sides of the pyramid, at an average distance
of 65
feet from the outer edge of the base casing stone.
This core gives the pyramid stability from the downward
and horizontal
forces that will develop from the superimposed loads of blocks of
stones
that are piled up, as the pyramid rises. Also, from the prevailing
north-west winds that exert enormous pressures on the huge areas of
the
pyramid's faces, thus increasing these forces further.
Leveling of the entire pyramid site was accomplished by
flooding the area
inside the wall with water, leaving just the high spots. These them
were cut
down to the level of the surface of the water. Next, some of the
water was
released and the high spots again were cut down to the water's
surface. This
process was repeated until the entire pyramid site, between the core
and the
four walls, was leveled down to the base of the pyramid's platform.
THE CASING STONES
A few of the fine limestone casing blocks remain at the
base of the northern
side and show how accurately the stones were dressed and fitted
together.
The core masonry, behind the casing stones, consists of large blocks
of
local limestone, quarried right on the spot, built around and over
the
bedrock core. The size of this core cannot be determined, since it
is
completely covered by the pyramid.
The casing stones were of highly polished white
limestone, which must have
been a dazzling sight. Unlike marble, which tends to become eroded
with time
and weather, limestone becomes harder and more polished.
HOW MANY BLOCKS DID IT ACTUALLY TAKE TO BUILD
THE GREAT PYRAMID?
Most books and encyclopedia state that there are 2.3
million blocks of stone
in the Great Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops), with no mention of method
used to
figure this.
Socrates determined the size and weight of the blocks
(a standard block),
and ran a Pascal Computer Program (a mathematical model of all the
blocks of
stone needed; written by the author to optimize the sizes and
weights of the
stones) to come up with the real number of blocks used. Since the
volume of
passageways and internal chambers are very small compared to the
high volume
of the pyramid, they are ignored at this time, just as though the
pyramid
was built of solid stone blocks with mortared joints.
THE SIZE OF THE BLOCKS
The size of the blocks are based on a chance discovery
in 1837 by Howard
Vyse. He found two of the original side casing blocks at the base of
the
pyramid, 5 ft x 8 ft x 12 ft, with an angle of 51 degrees, 51
minutes cut on
one of the 12 ft. sides. Each of these stones weighed (5 x 8 x
12)/2000 =
39.9 tons before the face angle was cut. These originally were used
for the
side casing stones of Step No. 1, in the Pascal computer program.
The sizes
of all the other blocks were scaled from these two original blocks
of the
remaining Steps 2 to 201.
THE GREAT PYRAMID'S DIMENSIONS AND THEIR LAYOUT
One acre = 43,560 sq. ft, or 208.71 feet on a side.
For the pyramid's base, length = width = (square root of 13.097144
acres) x
208.71 feet = 755.321 feet. Or 755.321 x 12 = 9063.85 inches.
Height = (755.321 x tangent 51deg 51 min)/2 = 480.783
feet. Or 480.783 x 12
= 5769.403 inches.
For the cap stone base: length = width = (32.18 x
2)/tangent 51deg 51 min =
50.55 inches.
The average size of a pyramid stone = (5 x 8 x 12)
The average side measurement, at the base = 759.3 ft.
The height used was 201 steps high, or 480 feet. (This is minus the
height
of the Capstone, which was one piece in itself.
The number reached by the Pascal computer program was
603,728 blocks used.
The solid core takes up the space of 13,016 stones.
So, the actual number of stones used to build the Great Pyramid is
603,728 -
13,016 = 590,712.
This figure is (2,300,000 - 590,712) = 1,709,288 blocks less than
the often
published 2.3 million value.
NUMBER OF VARIOUS BLOCKS OF STONE USED
TO BUILD THE GREAT
PYRAMID
Number of platform blocks used (2.5 ft x 10 ft square),
equals (759.3 x
759.3(pyramid base)) - (412.7 x 412.7(core base))/(10 x 10(platform
block
base)) = 4,062.
Number of CORNER Casing stones where the pyramid faces
meet equals 201 steps
x 4 sides = 804.
Number of side casing stones equals ((244 x 127) +
8,953) = 39,941.
Due to Bedrock Core, in the center of Step 1 through
10, the total number of
blocks needed is reduced by 13,016.
THE NUMBER OF ALL BLOCKS BEHIND
THE CASING STONES EQUALS
(590,712 - 804 - 39,941) = 549,967.
PLACING THE BLOCKS
The average number of blocks that have to be placed
each day equals (590,712
blocks)/(20years x 364.25 days) = 81 blocks per day.
If 10 crews of 300 men work on each of the four sides
of the pyramid, then
the totals of 40 crews and 12,000 men will be needed. Each of the
crews will
be responsible to place 81/40 = 2 blocks per day.
The workload passes through three phases of decreasing
difficulty, which are
determined by the weights of the heaviest blocks:
Steps 1 through 21 (60.59 to 27.24 tons)
Steps 22 through 136 (17.66 to 6.44 tons)
Steps 127 through 201 (3.05 to 2.63 tons)
As the weight of the blocks decrease, Step to Step, the
sizes of the drag
crews will decrease. However, when this happens, the number of
blocks needed
to be dragged each day can be reduced because one large block can be
dragged
and cut into several smaller blocks that are needed.
As the pyramid rises there is less space for the crews
to work in and fewer
block to be placed. In other words, the number of workers that will
be
needed depends on three factors of: weight of blocks, number of
blocks to be
placed, and the working space available.
|
© 1990 by Socrates Taseos
Geometry
Geometry of the Great Pyramid
DIMENSIONS of Great Pyramid
by morphvs
The following article is Copyright ©
2001-2003 aiwaz.net_institute.
All rights reserved. No part of this website, including text
and images, may be reproduced or copied
in any form or by any
means without the express prior written permission of
aiwaz.net_institute.
Presented with permission.
If the calculations concerning the royal cubit are correct
the main dimensions of the pyramid should also prove that. The
approximate dimensions of the pyramid are calculated by Petrie
according to the remains of the sockets in the ground for the
casing stones whose remains are still at the top of the
pyramid, and the angle 51° 52' ± 2' of the slopes. The base
of 9069 inches is approximately 440
royal cubits (the difference is 9 inches which is not a
remarkable difference if we consider the whole dimension and
consider that the employed data represent only an estimation
of the real values) whereas the calculated height, 5776
inches, is precisely 280 royal cubits.
The relation 440:280 can be reduced to 11:7, which gives an
approximation of the half value of Pi.
Squaring the Circle
The circle and the square are
united through the circumference:
440x4=1760=2x22/7x280
area of square: 440x440=193600
area of circle:28x28x22/7=246400
sum: 440000
|
The engagement of Pi value in the main dimensions suggests
also a very accurate angle of 51° 52' ± 2' of the slopes
which expresses the value of Pi. Another coincidence is the
relation between the height of the pyramid's triangle in
relation to a half of the side of the pyramid, since it
appears to be the Golden Section, or the specific ratio ruling
this set of proportions, F =
(sqr(5)+1)/2 = 1.618 = 356:220. This ratio, 356:220 = 89:55 is
also contained in the first of Fibonacci Series:
1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144
...
A single composition contains two apparently contradicting
irrational numbers P and F,
without disrupting each other. This appears to be completely
opposed to the classical architectural canon which postulates
that in 'good' composition no two different geometrical
systems of proportions may be mixed in order to maintain the
purity of design.
But analysis of other architectural and
artistic forms suggested that the greatest masters skillfully
juggled the proportional canons without losing the coherent
system, for they knew that these systems can be interconnected
if the path that links them is found. That is obvious In the
case of the Great Pyramid where two different principles are
interweaved without interference ruling different angles of
the composition, which is most importantly a most simple one,
namely 11:7, a most simple ratio obviously signifying such
infinite mysteries as the value of P
and most 'natural' value of F. In
spite of common miss-understanding of architectural
composition, the most mysterious and praised compositions are
very simple but not devoid of anthropomorphic appeal, since
everything is made out of human proportions, just like
Vitruvius describing the rations of the human body, very
simple and very clean. The numbers 7 and in 11 are successive
factors in the second of Fibonacci progressions that
approximate geometry of the pentagram:
1 3 4 7
11 18 29 47
76 123 ...
The summary of the selected main mean dimensions is:
dimension
|
b. inch
|
m
|
royal cub.
|
palm
|
digit
|
base
|
9068.8
|
230.35
|
440
|
3,080
|
12,320
|
height
|
5776
|
146.71
|
280
|
1,960
|
7,840
|
sum
|
|
|
720
|
|
20,160
|
slope
|
7343.2
|
186.52
|
356
|
2,492
|
9,968
|
edge
|
8630.4
|
219.21
|
418
|
2,926
|
11,704
|
The main source of all kinds of delusions and speculations
about our mythical past for the western man comes of course
from Plato. With the myth of Atlantis he planted the necessary
seed of mythical Eden, a culture of high intelligence that
lived before the known history. If Plato received any wisdom
from the ancient Egypt it could perhaps be traced in the canon
of numbers that is so latently present throughout his work,
but never on the surface. This canon seems to appear in the
descriptions of his fantastic cities where everything is most
carefully calculated and proportioned. The topic of Plato's
Laws is the description of the ideal state called Magnesia
which is entirely composed out of the mysterious number 5,040.
The distance* when Earth is closest
to Sun (perihelion) is 147x106 km, which is
translated into royal cubits 280x109, hinting at
the height of the Great pyramid,
280 royal cubits.
The above article comes from aiwaz.net_institute
- Great Pyramid and Giza plateau
and is Copyright © 2001-2003 aiwaz.net_institute. All rights reserved.
No part of this article, including text
and images, may be reproduced or copied in any form
or by any
means without the express prior written permission of
aiwaz.net_institute.
Reprinted with permission.
Do not miss this web site:
aiwaz.net_institute
- Great Pyramid and Giza plateau
Find out more amazing facts about the GREAT PYRAMID: Position
of King's Chamber, Queen's Chamber, Subterranean Chamber;
SECOND PYRAMID: Dimensions of Pyramid, Great Chamber, Coffer,
Lower Chamber; THIRD PYRAMID: Dimensions of Pyramid,
Chambers,MATHESIS of Giza Plateau.
The Golden Ratio & Squaring the Circle in the Great Pyramid
A straight line is said to have been cut in extreme and mean
ratio when,
as the whole line is to the greater segment, so is the
greater to the less. [Euclid]
The extreme and mean ratio is also known as the golden
ratio.
If the smaller part = 1, and larger part = G, the golden ratio requires that
G is equal approximately 1.6180
Does the Great Pyramid contain the Golden Ratio?
Assuming that the height of the GP = 146.515 m, and base =
230.363 m, and using simple math
we find that half of the base is
115.182 m and the "slant height" is 186.369 m
Dividing the "slant height" (186.369m) by "half base" (115.182m) gives = 1.6180,
which is practically equal to the golden ration!
The earth/moon relationship is the only one in our solar system
that contains this unique golden section ratio that "squares
the circle". Along with this is the phenomenon that the moon
and the sun appear to be the same size, most clearly noticed during
an eclipse. This too is true only from earth's vantage point…No
other planet/moon relationship in our solar system can make this
claim.
Although the problem of squaring the circle was proven
mathematically impossible in the 19th century (as pi, being
irrational, cannot be exactly measured), the Earth, the moon, and
the Great Pyramid, are all coming about as close as you can get to
the solution!
If the base of the Great Pyramid is equated with the diameter of the
earth, then the radius of the moon can be generated by subtracting
the radius of the earth from the height of the pyramid (see the
picture below).
Click here
to view larger picture.
Also the square (in orange), with the side equal to the radius of
the Earth, and the circle (in blue),
with radius equal to the radius
of the Earth plus the radius of the moon, are very nearly equal in
perimeters:
Orange Square Perimeter = 2+2+2+2=8
Blue Circle Circumference = 2*pi*1.273=8
Note:
Earth, Radius, Mean = 6,370,973.27862 m *
Moon, Radius, Mean = 1,738,000 m.*
Moon Radius divided by Earth Radius = 0.2728 *
Let's re-phrase the above arguments **
In the diagram above, the big triangle is the same proportion and
angle of the Great Pyramid, with its base angles at 51 degrees 51
minutes. If you bisect this triangle and assign a value of 1 to each
base, then the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) equals
phi (1.618..) and the perpendicular side equals the square root of
phi. And that’s not all. A circle is drawn with it’s centre and
diameter the same as the base of the large triangle. This represents
the circumference of the earth. A square is then drawn to touch the
outside of the earth circle. A second circle is then drawn around
the first one, with its circumference equal to the perimeter of the
square. (The squaring of the circle.) This new circle will actually
pass exactly through the apex of the pyramid. And now the “wow”:
A circle drawn with its centre at the apex of the pyramid and its
radius just long enough to touch the earth circle, will have the
circumference of the moon! Neat, huh! And the small triangle formed
by the moon and the earth square will be a perfect 345 triangle
(which doesn’t seem to mean much.)
Recommend this website to your friends:
Was the golden ratio intentionally built into the Great Pyramid
of Cheops?
Why would anyone intentionally build the golden ratio into a
pyramid, or other structure? What was the significance of to the
Egyptians? And did the ancient Egyptians intentionally design the
Great Pyramid to square the circle?
The answer to these questions is uncertain since designing the
Great Pyramid according to the simple rules explained by the graphic
below would give the pyramid automatically (by coincidence? ) all
its "magic" qualities.
The height of the Great Pyramid times 2 π
exactly equals the perimeter of the pyramid. This proportions result from
elegant design of the pyramid with the height equal two diameters of
a circle and the base equal to the circumference of the
circle. Click here or on the image
below to see larger picture.
For the angle of the Great Pyramid, any theory of
the base, combined with any theory of the height, yields a theoretic
angle; but the angles actually proposed are the following** :
Angle of casing measured
By theory of 34 slope to 21 base
Height : circumference :: radius to circle
9 height on 10 base diagonally
7 height to 22 circumference
area of face = area of height squared
(or sine) = cotangent, and many other relations)
2 height vertical to 3 height diagonal
5 height on 4 base
|
51º 52' ± 2' (51.867)
51º 51' 20"
51º 51' 14.3"
51º 50' 39.1"
51º 50' 34.0"
51º 49' 38.3"
51º 40' 16.2"
51º 20' 25"
|
** Page 184, The Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh
by Sir W.M.Flinders Petrie 1883
Giza Alignment Code - The Time
Temple
A silent message from 5000 years ago. From a letter to a
scientist:
"The conclusion should be made upon a probability, that it may
be just coincidental, that these 14 lines are forming a very
accurate model of the inner planetary system, showing also a precise
time position, that coincidentally matches (relative to the end of
Mayan Calendar) the beginning of the final 1260 days time period,
mentioned both in the Old and New Testament (surely one of the most
remarkable and disputed episodes in the Book), a time period, which
allows (and was supposedly measured for) to show in a relatively
short period of time, when, and what the End is all about - the
mystery of death and the origin of life.
After the probability is calculated, and if the figure shows
that all what was presented is most likely just coincidental, then
there would be no need to draw any conclusions. Yet if the
probability figure shows, that it is most likely not a coincidence
(if the figure is close to zero), then 12 21 '12 should be taken
very seriously, and it becomes also more clear why these structures
were built, and why so massive.
As you probably know, at the end of 12th century, the son of
Saladin, Aziz, led a muslim army "against the pyramids". The idea
was to demolish the Giza complex completely, in order to show the
superiority of Islam. They started with demolishing the smallest,
the third pyramid. After about eight month of hard labour they
realized how much time and money it would take to demolish all three
pyramids. The minor damage made to the third pyramid is still
visible.
The birth of all civilizations ca 5000 years ago (now also
called Great Divide), has been marked by many temple-structures,
simultaneously emerging in different continents. These structures
have proved to be carrying a certain information about the
beginning, the development and also the end of the current era,
while at the same time they have been clearly enhancing the growth
of reasoning throughout the era (despite all obstacles, stupidity
and controversy involved), through study and arts. There
is a simple rule: to define the end of a circle, the beginning must
be defined first. The current era began with the pyramids."
Yet there are also another two key words to the mystery of 2012:
Gravity and Immune System, both affecting everything that contains
mass - be it a body, planet, star or a spacecraft. The more detailed
insights to the mystery are presented in 7 parts under The Concept
section at
http://www.1214productions.com
|
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